Decreased level of melatonin in serum predicts left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction

As experimental studies suggest that melatonin is cardioprotective after myocardial infarction (MI), this study sought to investigate the relationships between circulating levels of melatonin and left ventricular (LV) remodelling in patients after acute MI. This prospective study included 161 patients (age 61 ± 3 yr; 78% men) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention who were assessed echocardiographically at hospital discharge (day 3-7) and at 12 months. LV remodelling was defined as >20% increase in LV end-diastolic volume at 12-month follow-up compared with baseline. Serum melatonin concentrations were measured at admission, during the light period. Twenty-four patients showed LV remodelling, and 137 had no evidence of LV remodelling. Patients with LV remodelling had lower levels of melatonin at study entry [9.96 (8.28-11.03) versus 16.74 (13.77-19.59) pg/mL, respectively; P < 0.0001]. Multivariate analysis showed that melatonin levels (OR = 2.10, CI 95% 1.547-2.870, P < 0.001) were an independent predictor of LV remodelling at 12-month follow-up. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.959 (CI 95% 0.93-0.98; P < 0.0001). To our knowledge, this is the first study to show the relationship between melatonin and LV remodelling during the chronic phase post-MI.