Complications of rigid internal fixation for mandibular fractures

The application of rigid internal fixation to maxillofacial trauma is among the truly great advances that have been made in the field. The use of rigid internal fixation techniques has resulted in many advantages for the patient. Unfortunately, complications have occurred with this technology that are often devastating in their consequences for treatment outcomes. This article addresses some of the problems that stem from the use/misuse of rigid fixation devices in the treatment of mandibular fractures. It presents the most common complications and their management, including malunion, fibrous union, infection/osteitis, and impalement of the tooth roots and/or inferior alveolar canal.