Classification of paroxysmal events and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification system

Hans Lüders; Guadalupe Fernandez Baca Vaca; Naoki Akamatsu; Shahram Amina; Alexis Arzimanoglou; Christoph Baumgartner; Selim R. Benbadis; Andrew Bleasel; Adriana Bermeo-Ovalle; Alireza Bozorgi; Mar Carreño; Michael Devereaux; Stefano Francione; Naiara García Losarcos; Hajo Hamer; Hans Holthausen; Shirin Jamal-Omidi; Giri Kalamangalam; Andrés M. Kanner; Susanne Knake; Nuria Lacuey; Samden Lhatoo; Shih Hui Lim; Luisa V. Londoño; Jayanti Mani; Riki Matsumoto; Jonathan P. Miller; Soheyl Noachtar; André Palmini; Jun Park; Felix Rosenow; Asim Shahid; Stephan Schuele; Bernhard J. Steinhoff; Charles Ákos Szabó; Nitin Tandon; Kiyohito Terada; Walter van Emde Boas; Peter Widdess-Walsh; Philippe Kahane

doi:10.1684/epd.2019.1033

Classification of paroxysmal events and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification system

Hans Lüders, Guadalupe Fernandez Baca Vaca, Naoki Akamatsu, Shahram Amina, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Christoph Baumgartner, Selim R. Benbadis, Andrew Bleasel, Adriana Bermeo-Ovalle, Alireza Bozorgi, Mar Carreño, Michael Devereaux, Stefano Francione, Naiara García Losarcos, Hajo Hamer, Hans Holthausen, Shirin Jamal-Omidi, Giri Kalamangalam, Andrés M. Kanner, Susanne KnakeNuria Lacuey, Samden Lhatoo, Shih Hui Lim, Luisa V. Londoño, Jayanti Mani, Riki Matsumoto, Jonathan P. Miller, Soheyl Noachtar, André Palmini, Jun Park, Felix Rosenow, Asim Shahid, Stephan Schuele, Bernhard J. Steinhoff, Charles Ákos Szabó, Nitin Tandon, Kiyohito Terada, Walter van Emde Boas, Peter Widdess-Walsh, Philippe Kahane

Department of Neurology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

31 Scopus citations

Abstract

This educational review describes the classification of paroxysmal events and a four-dimensional epilepsy classification system. Paroxysmal events are classified as epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal events. Non-epileptic events are, in turn, classified as psychogenic and organic paroxysmal events. The following four dimensions are used to classify epileptic paroxysmal events: ictal semiology, the epileptogenic zone, etiology, and comorbidities. Efforts are made to keep these four dimensions as independent as possible. The review also includes 12 educational vignettes and three more detailed case reports classified using the 2017 classification of the ILAE and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification. In addition, a case is described which is classified using the four-dimensional epilepsy classification with different degrees of precision by an emergency department physician, a neurologist, and an epileptologist. [Published with video sequences on www.epilepticdisorders.com].

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1-29
Number of pages	29
Journal	Epileptic Disorders
Volume	21
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1684/epd.2019.1033
State	Published - Feb 2019

Keywords

classification
epileptogenic zone
etiology
semiology

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Neurology
Clinical Neurology

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10.1684/epd.2019.1033

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Lüders, H., Vaca, G. F. B., Akamatsu, N., Amina, S., Arzimanoglou, A., Baumgartner, C., Benbadis, S. R., Bleasel, A., Bermeo-Ovalle, A., Bozorgi, A., Carreño, M., Devereaux, M., Francione, S., Losarcos, N. G., Hamer, H., Holthausen, H., Jamal-Omidi, S., Kalamangalam, G., Kanner, A. M., ... Kahane, P. (2019). Classification of paroxysmal events and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification system. Epileptic Disorders, 21(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1684/epd.2019.1033

Lüders, H, Vaca, GFB, Akamatsu, N, Amina, S, Arzimanoglou, A, Baumgartner, C, Benbadis, SR, Bleasel, A, Bermeo-Ovalle, A, Bozorgi, A, Carreño, M, Devereaux, M, Francione, S, Losarcos, NG, Hamer, H, Holthausen, H, Jamal-Omidi, S, Kalamangalam, G, Kanner, AM, Knake, S, Lacuey, N, Lhatoo, S, Lim, SH, Londoño, LV, Mani, J, Matsumoto, R, Miller, JP, Noachtar, S, Palmini, A, Park, J, Rosenow, F, Shahid, A, Schuele, S, Steinhoff, BJ, Ákos Szabó, C, Tandon, N, Terada, K, van Emde Boas, W, Widdess-Walsh, P & Kahane, P 2019, 'Classification of paroxysmal events and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification system', Epileptic Disorders, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1684/epd.2019.1033

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title = "Classification of paroxysmal events and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification system",

abstract = "This educational review describes the classification of paroxysmal events and a four-dimensional epilepsy classification system. Paroxysmal events are classified as epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal events. Non-epileptic events are, in turn, classified as psychogenic and organic paroxysmal events. The following four dimensions are used to classify epileptic paroxysmal events: ictal semiology, the epileptogenic zone, etiology, and comorbidities. Efforts are made to keep these four dimensions as independent as possible. The review also includes 12 educational vignettes and three more detailed case reports classified using the 2017 classification of the ILAE and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification. In addition, a case is described which is classified using the four-dimensional epilepsy classification with different degrees of precision by an emergency department physician, a neurologist, and an epileptologist. [Published with video sequences on www.epilepticdisorders.com].",

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author = "Hans L{\"u}ders and Vaca, {Guadalupe Fernandez Baca} and Naoki Akamatsu and Shahram Amina and Alexis Arzimanoglou and Christoph Baumgartner and Benbadis, {Selim R.} and Andrew Bleasel and Adriana Bermeo-Ovalle and Alireza Bozorgi and Mar Carre{\~n}o and Michael Devereaux and Stefano Francione and Losarcos, {Naiara Garc{\'i}a} and Hajo Hamer and Hans Holthausen and Shirin Jamal-Omidi and Giri Kalamangalam and Kanner, {Andr{\'e}s M.} and Susanne Knake and Nuria Lacuey and Samden Lhatoo and Lim, {Shih Hui} and Londo{\~n}o, {Luisa V.} and Jayanti Mani and Riki Matsumoto and Miller, {Jonathan P.} and Soheyl Noachtar and Andr{\'e} Palmini and Jun Park and Felix Rosenow and Asim Shahid and Stephan Schuele and Steinhoff, {Bernhard J.} and {{\'A}kos Szab{\'o}}, Charles and Nitin Tandon and Kiyohito Terada and {van Emde Boas}, Walter and Peter Widdess-Walsh and Philippe Kahane",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Epileptic Disorders",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1684/epd.2019.1033",

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AU - Lüders, Hans

AU - Vaca, Guadalupe Fernandez Baca

AU - Akamatsu, Naoki

AU - Amina, Shahram

AU - Arzimanoglou, Alexis

AU - Baumgartner, Christoph

AU - Benbadis, Selim R.

AU - Bleasel, Andrew

AU - Bermeo-Ovalle, Adriana

AU - Bozorgi, Alireza

AU - Carreño, Mar

AU - Devereaux, Michael

AU - Francione, Stefano

AU - Losarcos, Naiara García

AU - Hamer, Hajo

AU - Holthausen, Hans

AU - Jamal-Omidi, Shirin

AU - Kalamangalam, Giri

AU - Kanner, Andrés M.

AU - Knake, Susanne

AU - Lacuey, Nuria

AU - Lhatoo, Samden

AU - Lim, Shih Hui

AU - Londoño, Luisa V.

AU - Mani, Jayanti

AU - Matsumoto, Riki

AU - Miller, Jonathan P.

AU - Noachtar, Soheyl

AU - Palmini, André

AU - Park, Jun

AU - Rosenow, Felix

AU - Shahid, Asim

AU - Schuele, Stephan

AU - Steinhoff, Bernhard J.

AU - Ákos Szabó, Charles

AU - Tandon, Nitin

AU - Terada, Kiyohito

AU - van Emde Boas, Walter

AU - Widdess-Walsh, Peter

AU - Kahane, Philippe

PY - 2019/2

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N2 - This educational review describes the classification of paroxysmal events and a four-dimensional epilepsy classification system. Paroxysmal events are classified as epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal events. Non-epileptic events are, in turn, classified as psychogenic and organic paroxysmal events. The following four dimensions are used to classify epileptic paroxysmal events: ictal semiology, the epileptogenic zone, etiology, and comorbidities. Efforts are made to keep these four dimensions as independent as possible. The review also includes 12 educational vignettes and three more detailed case reports classified using the 2017 classification of the ILAE and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification. In addition, a case is described which is classified using the four-dimensional epilepsy classification with different degrees of precision by an emergency department physician, a neurologist, and an epileptologist. [Published with video sequences on www.epilepticdisorders.com].

AB - This educational review describes the classification of paroxysmal events and a four-dimensional epilepsy classification system. Paroxysmal events are classified as epileptic and non-epileptic paroxysmal events. Non-epileptic events are, in turn, classified as psychogenic and organic paroxysmal events. The following four dimensions are used to classify epileptic paroxysmal events: ictal semiology, the epileptogenic zone, etiology, and comorbidities. Efforts are made to keep these four dimensions as independent as possible. The review also includes 12 educational vignettes and three more detailed case reports classified using the 2017 classification of the ILAE and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification. In addition, a case is described which is classified using the four-dimensional epilepsy classification with different degrees of precision by an emergency department physician, a neurologist, and an epileptologist. [Published with video sequences on www.epilepticdisorders.com].

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KW - epileptogenic zone

KW - etiology

KW - semiology

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Classification of paroxysmal events and the four-dimensional epilepsy classification system

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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