TY - JOUR
T1 - Branched-chain amino acids and insulin metabolism
T2 - The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS)
AU - Lee, C. Christine
AU - Watkins, Steve M.
AU - Lorenzo, Carlos
AU - Wagenknecht, Lynne E.
AU - Il'Yasova, Dora
AU - Chen, Yii Der I.
AU - Haffner, Steven M.
AU - Hanley, Anthony J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 by the American Diabetes Association.
PY - 2016/4
Y1 - 2016/4
N2 - OBJECTIVE Recent studies using untargeted metabolomics approaches have suggested that plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with incident diabetes. However, little is known about the role of plasma BCAAs in metabolic abnormalities underlying diabetes and whether these relationships are consistent across ethnic populations at high risk for diabetes. We investigated the associations of BCAAs with insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIR), and metabolic clearance of insulin (MCRI) in a multiethnic cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 685 participants without diabetes of the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) (290 Caucasians, 165 African Americans, and 230 Hispanics),wemeasured plasma BCAAs (sum of valine, leucine, and isoleucine) by mass spectrometry and SI, AIR, and MCRI by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests. RESULTS Elevated plasma BCAAs were inversely associated with SI andMCRI and positively associated with fasting insulin in regression models adjusted for potential confounders (β = 20.0012 [95% CI20.0018,20.00059], P < 0.001 for SI; β =20.0013 [95% CI 20.0018, 20.00082], P < 0.001 for MCRI; and β = 0.0015 [95% CI 0.0008, 0.0023], P < 0.001 for fasting insulin). The association of BCAA with SI was significantly modified by ethnicity, with the association only being significant in Caucasians and Hispanics. Elevated plasma BCAAs were associated with incident diabetes in Caucasians and Hispanics (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio per 1-SD increase in plasma BCAAs: 1.67 [95% CI 1.21, 2.29], P = 0.002) but not in African Americans. Plasma BCAAs were not associated with SI-adjusted AIR. CONCLUSIONS Plasma BCAAs are associated with incident diabetes and underlying metabolic abnormalities, although the associations were generally stronger in Caucasians and Hispanics.
AB - OBJECTIVE Recent studies using untargeted metabolomics approaches have suggested that plasma branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are associated with incident diabetes. However, little is known about the role of plasma BCAAs in metabolic abnormalities underlying diabetes and whether these relationships are consistent across ethnic populations at high risk for diabetes. We investigated the associations of BCAAs with insulin sensitivity (SI), acute insulin response (AIR), and metabolic clearance of insulin (MCRI) in a multiethnic cohort. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In 685 participants without diabetes of the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) (290 Caucasians, 165 African Americans, and 230 Hispanics),wemeasured plasma BCAAs (sum of valine, leucine, and isoleucine) by mass spectrometry and SI, AIR, and MCRI by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance tests. RESULTS Elevated plasma BCAAs were inversely associated with SI andMCRI and positively associated with fasting insulin in regression models adjusted for potential confounders (β = 20.0012 [95% CI20.0018,20.00059], P < 0.001 for SI; β =20.0013 [95% CI 20.0018, 20.00082], P < 0.001 for MCRI; and β = 0.0015 [95% CI 0.0008, 0.0023], P < 0.001 for fasting insulin). The association of BCAA with SI was significantly modified by ethnicity, with the association only being significant in Caucasians and Hispanics. Elevated plasma BCAAs were associated with incident diabetes in Caucasians and Hispanics (multivariable-adjusted odds ratio per 1-SD increase in plasma BCAAs: 1.67 [95% CI 1.21, 2.29], P = 0.002) but not in African Americans. Plasma BCAAs were not associated with SI-adjusted AIR. CONCLUSIONS Plasma BCAAs are associated with incident diabetes and underlying metabolic abnormalities, although the associations were generally stronger in Caucasians and Hispanics.
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U2 - 10.2337/dc15-2284
DO - 10.2337/dc15-2284
M3 - Article
C2 - 26895884
AN - SCOPUS:84962062338
SN - 0149-5992
VL - 39
SP - 582
EP - 588
JO - Diabetes care
JF - Diabetes care
IS - 4
ER -