TY - JOUR
T1 - A probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain
T2 - International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM)
AU - Mazziotta, J.
AU - Toga, A.
AU - Evans, A.
AU - Fox, P.
AU - Lancaster, J.
AU - Zilles, K.
AU - Woods, R.
AU - Paus, T.
AU - Simpson, G.
AU - Pike, B.
AU - Holmes, C.
AU - Collins, L.
AU - Thompson, P.
AU - MacDonald, D.
AU - Iacoboni, M.
AU - Schormann, T.
AU - Amunts, K.
AU - Palomero-Gallagher, N.
AU - Geyer, S.
AU - Parsons, L.
AU - Narr, K.
AU - Kabani, N.
AU - Le Goualher, G.
AU - Boomsma, D.
AU - Cannon, T.
AU - Kawashima, R.
AU - Mazoyer, B.
PY - 2001/8/29
Y1 - 2001/8/29
N2 - Motivated by the vast amount of information that is rapidly accumulating about the human brain in digital form, we embarked upon a program in 1992 to develop a four-dimensional probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain. Through an International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) a dataset is being collected that includes 7000 subjects between the ages of eighteen and ninety years and including 342 mono- and dizygotic twins. Data on each subject includes detailed demographic, clinical, behavioural and imaging information. DNA has been collected for genotyping from 5800 subjects. A component of the programme uses post-mortem tissue to determine the probabilistic distribution of microscopic cyto- and chemoarchitectural regions in the human brain. This, combined with macroscopic information about structure and function derived from subjects in vivo, provides the first large scale opportunity to gain meaningful insights into the concordance or discordance in micro- and macroscopic structure and function. The philosophy, strategy, algorithm development, data acquisition techniques and validation methods are described in this report along with database structures. Examples of results are described for the normal adult human brain as well as examples in patients with Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. The ability to quantify the variance of the human brain as a function of age in a large population of subjects for whom data is also available about their genetic composition and behaviour will allow for the first assessment of cerebral genotype-phenotype-behavioural correlations in humans to take place in a population this large. This approach and its application should provide new insights and opportunities for investigators interested in basic neuroscience, clinical diagnostics and the evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients.
AB - Motivated by the vast amount of information that is rapidly accumulating about the human brain in digital form, we embarked upon a program in 1992 to develop a four-dimensional probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain. Through an International Consortium for Brain Mapping (ICBM) a dataset is being collected that includes 7000 subjects between the ages of eighteen and ninety years and including 342 mono- and dizygotic twins. Data on each subject includes detailed demographic, clinical, behavioural and imaging information. DNA has been collected for genotyping from 5800 subjects. A component of the programme uses post-mortem tissue to determine the probabilistic distribution of microscopic cyto- and chemoarchitectural regions in the human brain. This, combined with macroscopic information about structure and function derived from subjects in vivo, provides the first large scale opportunity to gain meaningful insights into the concordance or discordance in micro- and macroscopic structure and function. The philosophy, strategy, algorithm development, data acquisition techniques and validation methods are described in this report along with database structures. Examples of results are described for the normal adult human brain as well as examples in patients with Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. The ability to quantify the variance of the human brain as a function of age in a large population of subjects for whom data is also available about their genetic composition and behaviour will allow for the first assessment of cerebral genotype-phenotype-behavioural correlations in humans to take place in a population this large. This approach and its application should provide new insights and opportunities for investigators interested in basic neuroscience, clinical diagnostics and the evaluation of neuropsychiatric disorders in patients.
KW - Atlas
KW - Cytoarchitecture
KW - Genetics
KW - Magnetic resonance imaging
KW - Neuroanatomy
KW - Probabilistic
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0010581323&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0010581323&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1098/rstb.2001.0915
DO - 10.1098/rstb.2001.0915
M3 - Review article
C2 - 11545704
AN - SCOPUS:0010581323
SN - 0962-8436
VL - 356
SP - 1293
EP - 1322
JO - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
JF - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
IS - 1412
ER -