A locus on chromosome 2 influences levels of tissue factor pathway inhibitor: Results from the GAIT study

Objective-Levels of tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) have been associated with arteriosclerosis and thrombotic disease. Although a genetic component to variation in TFPI levels is well-documented, no systematic genome-wide screens have been conducted to localize genes influencing levels of TFPI. Methods and Results-We studied TFPI levels in 397 individuals in 21 Spanish families participating in the Genetic Analysis of Idiopathic Thrombosis (GAIT) study. Twelve families were selected through a proband with idiopathic thrombosis and 9 were ascertained without regard to phenotype. A genome scan was performed using microsatellite markers spaced at approximately 10 cM intervals. Standard multipoint variance component linkage methods were used. The heritability of TFPI levels was 0.52 (P<0.0001), with no evidence for shared household effects. In the genome screen, only 1 LOD score >2 was observed. On chromosome 2q, the maximum multipoint LOD score was 3.52 near marker D2S1384. This is near the structural gene for TFPI, which is located at 2q32. In follow-up association analyses, marginal evidence of association (P=0.04) was observed with the TFPI promoter variant C-399T. Conclusion-These results suggest that polymorphisms in and around the TFPI structural gene may be the major genetic determinants of variation in TFPI levels.